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1.
放射性口腔炎是口腔和头颈部肿瘤放疗过程中常见的并发症,西医目前尚无有效治疗手段。根据放射性口腔炎的临床表现,蒋士卿教授认为放射线属于“火毒”之邪,火毒蕴结、气阴两伤是放射性口腔炎的基本病机。随着射线剂量的累加,邪热渐盛,正气渐虚,脾气渐伤,久病及肾,疾病呈阶段性。发病初期热结上焦、火毒灼津,中期热伏中焦、脾虚热结,后期热伤下焦、虚火上炎,火邪贯穿于放射性口腔炎临床表现的始终,因此其根据放疗不同阶段口腔炎症特点标本兼顾,辨证诊治,分别运用泻火解毒法、泻火补土法、补土伏火法,临床治疗效果显著。 相似文献
2.
Masashi Uehara Jun Takahashi Shota Ikegami Ryosuke Tokida Hikaru Nishimura Noriko Sakai Hiroyuki Kato 《The spine journal》2019,19(2):349-356
BACKGROUND CONTEXT
It is widely recognized that sagittal spinal alignment changes with age. However, there are presently no clear benchmarks for such values or those for the cervical spine in the general population. Quality epidemiological studies are needed to establish standards for spinal alignment deviation.OBJECTIVES
In this study of an aged Japanese population, we employed random sampling from the basic resident registry of a rural town for subject selection to determine reference values of sagittal spinal alignment including the cervical spine.STUDY DESIGN
Japanese resident cohort study based on a municipal registry.PATIENT SAMPLE
A total of 413 aged people randomly sampled from the resident registry of a rural Japanese town.OUTCOME MEASURES
All subjects underwent a whole spine lateral radiograph for measurement of sagittal spinal alignment parameters.METHODS
Registered citizens of 50 to 89 years old were targeted for this survey. We established eight groups based on age (50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s) and gender (male and female) after random sampling from the resident registry of Obuse town in 2014. A total of 413 people (203 males and 210 females) were enrolled. Radiographic parameters of sagittal spinal alignment of the cohort were measured and analyzed. Funding for this study was provided by the Japan Orthopaedics and Traumatology Research Foundation (10,000 USD), the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (5,000 USD), the Japanese Society for Musculoskeletal Medicine (40,000 USD), and the Nakatomi Foundation (15,000 USD).RESULTS
Global spinal alignments became more misaligned with age for both genders. Sagittal vertical axis (SVA) forward shift was significantly more frequent in 80s males and 70s females, and SVA in 80s females was a mean of 66 mm forward of that of 50s females. Cervical protrusion was markedly greater in 60s males onwards. In women, lumbar lordosis and posterior pelvic inclination were noticeable from a younger age than in men. The amount of pelvic tilt misalignment in female subjects was approximately 10 years earlier than their male counterparts.CONCLUSIONS
This first resident cohort of Japanese individuals determined average spinal alignment parameters by age and gender. Spinal balance generally shifts forward as age increases. A forward shift in the upper cervical spine occurs first in men, whereas lumbopelvic alignment shift occurs first in women. 相似文献3.
目的总结住院医师规范化培训阶段的会诊需求概况,评价教学督导会诊在住院医师规范化培训阶段的作用。 方法回顾性收集2015年8月至2017年8月间于北京协和医院超声医学科参加北京市住院医师规范化培训的住院医师43名及其于2017年11月至2018年8月申请教学督导会诊的病例,随访申请教学督导会诊的病例,总结会诊原因和部位,参照病理或临床诊断,对会诊医师作出教学评价(技术操作、定位、定性)。采用χ2检验比较不同年资、不同学历住院医师申请会诊原因和部位的差异,并采用t检验比较应用教学督导会诊前、后3年以下住院医师客观结构化临床考试(OSCE)阶段考核平均成绩的差异。 结果43名住院医师共随访1727份会诊病例。第一、二、三年住院医师申请会诊次数占比分别为53.0%(915/1727)、42.9%(741/1727)、4.1%(71/1727)。住院医师申请会诊原因:定性70.9%(1224/1727)、技术操作22.7%(392/1727)、定位6.4%(111/1727)。第一、二、三年住院医师因技术操作原因申请会诊比例分别为26.9%(246/915)、18.6%(138/741)、11.3%(8/71);因定位原因申请会诊比例分别为7.8%(71/915)、4.5%(33/741)、9.8%(7/71);因定性原因申请会诊比例分别为65.3%(598/915)、76.9%(570/741)、78.9%(56/71),不同年资住院医师申请会诊的原因不同,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=33.293,P<0.001)。申请会诊的检查部位前三位为妇科27.9%(482/1727)、浅表器官23.3%(402/1727)和腹部20.1%(347/1727),共占71.3%,不同年资住院医师申请会诊的部位不同,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=167.583,P<0.001)。第一、二年住院医师申请会诊主要为腹盆腔脏器技术操作和定性,第三年住院医师申请会诊集中在浅表器官病变的定性。不同学历住院医师申请会诊部位分布不同,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=64.942,P<0.001),申请会诊原因分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=8.131,P=0.087),平均申请会诊次数相近。97.7%(383/392)的技术操作问题通过教学督导会诊得到解决;教学督导会诊定位正确率73.0%(81/111);定性正确率92.7%(1135/1224)。应用教学督导会诊后的住院医师OSCE成绩高于应用前[(85.7±6.6)分vs(75.7±7.5)分],差异具有统计学意义(t=-2.426,P=0.036)。 结论随着住院医师年资增加,申请会诊次数减少。不同年资住院医师申请会诊的部位和原因不同。住院医师因技术操作原因申请会诊次数逐年下降,定性需求逐年增加。教学督导会诊能有效帮助住院医师解决技术操作难点、定位和定性,提升住院医师临床胜任力。 相似文献
4.
5.
Cynthia M. Tom James D. Maciel Abraham Korn Junko J. Ozao-Choy Danielle M. Hari Angela L. Neville Christian de Virgilio Christine Dauphine 《American journal of surgery》2019,217(2):256-260
Background
Robotic surgery is increasingly adopted into surgical practice, but it remains unclear what level of robotic training general surgery residents receive. The purpose of our study was to assess the variation in robotic surgery training amongst general surgery residency programs in the United States.Methods
A web-based survey was sent to 277 general surgery residency programs to determine characteristics of resident experience and training in robotic surgery.Results
A total of 114 (41%) programs responded. 92% (n?=?105) have residents participating in robotic surgeries; 68%(n?=?71) of which have a robotics curriculum, 44%(n?=?46) track residents’ robotic experience, and 55%(n?=?58) offer formal recognition of training completion. Responses from university-affiliated (n?=?83) and independent (n?=?31) programs were not significantly different.Conclusions
Many general surgery residencies offer robotic surgery experience, but vary widely in requisite components, formal credentialing, and case tracking. There is a need to adopt a standardized training curriculum and document resident competency. 相似文献6.
7.
8.
医院正常工作的开展离不开医护人员的分工和协作,但由于种种原因,护士的离职比例要远高于医生,从而对医院的工作产生一定的影响。本文以此为出发点,对在岗医护人员的离职倾向进行调查和对比,以找出护士离职率过高的问题所在。 相似文献
9.
《American journal of surgery》2020,219(5):846-850
IntroductionTeaching assistant (TA) cases allow senior residents (SR) to gain autonomy. We compared the safety profiles of TA cases performed under direct vs. indirect staff supervision.MethodsProspective observational study of operative cases where a SR served as the TA between 7/2014-6/2017 (n = 161). Patient/operative characteristics, 30-day outcomes, and SR survey data were compared by level of supervision.ResultsCase mix included 68 laparoscopic appendectomies (42%), 49 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (30%), 10 I&Ds (6%), 10 umbilical hernia repairs (6%), 4 port placements (3%), and 11 others. Indirectly supervised cases were shorter (61 vs. 76 min, p < 0.01), with less blood loss (11 vs. 24 ml, p < 0.05), and lower conversion rates (0% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.05). Perceived difficulty was high in 20% of cases with indirect vs. 49% with direct supervision (p < 0.01). Mean SR comfort was high (4.4 vs. 4.6 out of 5) regardless of level of staff supervision. 30-day complications did not differ for indirect vs. direct supervision (all p = NS).DiscussionCarefully selected TA cases offer SRs opportunities to practice autonomy without sacrificing operative time or patient safety. 相似文献
10.
《Brachytherapy》2020,19(6):718-724
PurposeWe sought to characterize temporal trends of radiation oncology resident–reported case experience with intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) and interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT).Methods and MaterialsSummarized, deidentified case logs for graduating radiation oncology residents (GRORs) between 2007 and 2018 were obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education national summary data report. Cases were subdivided based on the site of treatment. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences, and strength of association was evaluated using the Pearson correlation.ResultsThe number of GRORs increased by 66% from 114 in 2007 to 189 in 2018 (p < 0.001). Average number of gynecologic ICBT cases per GROR increased, from 39.6 in 2007 to 48.7 in 2018 (p < 0.005). Average number of ISBT cases per GROR decreased, from 34.5 to 20.6 (p < 0.001), due to decreasing prostate volume, from 21.5 to 12 (p < 0.001). Experience with gynecologic ISBT cases remained low at an average of 4.5 cases per year.ConclusionsThe average number of ICBT cases per GROR has increased, although this does not differentiate between cylinder and tandem-based insertions currently. There has been a steady decline in ISBT experience. These findings may have implications for the development of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case minimums for residency programs. 相似文献